Soil moisture investigations of groundwater recharge through black. Numan is located at latitude 9o2910n and longitude 12o 0236e of the nigerian geographical map. The percentage of lime used in black cotton soil varied from 3% to. Black bedrooms are known for its bold and glamorous look. The following precautions are generally adopted while building structures on black cotton soil 1. A study on engineering behavior of black cotton soil and. Black cotton soil, a cohesive soil, is considered a problematic soil for civil engineers.
Black cotton soil samples were collected from three locations within the studied area and their natural geotechnical properties determined in the laboratory. The dark colour of black cotton soils springerlink. Black cotton soil black cotton soil is the soil which exhibits swelling. The location of pile tip should be decided upon based on soil profile. The black cotton soil for the study is collected from anantapur district andhra pradesh state. Monochrome colors or vibrant colors like pink, red, green give classic touch to walls or whole decor of black bedroom. Black cotton definition is a soil formed in the deccan region of india by the disintegration of a black lava. Civil engineering structures experience large scale damage due. Pdf study of black cotton soil characteristics with. Full text of a study on stabilization of black cotton. Most of the area in the central region covered with the black cotton soil. After that the effect of sawdust as stabilizer on black cotton soil contaminated with 10% castor oil is observed. Civil engineering structures experience large scale damage due to change in properties of soil.
A sensible reduction of the organic content by any method was invariably followed by a corresponding reduction in its dark colour. Treatment with 10% sodium hexametaphosphate at boiling point or with h2o2 at 80 c. Stabilization of maiduguri black cotton soils of nigeria with. Loose fine sand, soft silt, black cotton soil and expensive clays should be avoided for foundation. Pdf study of black cotton soil characteristics with cement. Bc soil and california bearing ratio cbr of bc soil. This can be classified as clay of high compressibility ch as per is classification. Alternative soils or aggregates suitable for base construction are very difficult to obtain in these localities. Hence black cotton soil is also known as expansive soil. A black cotton soil procured from nagpur was collected from an open excavation, at a depth of 1 knm. The foundation in black cotton soilexpansive soil mystery. Experimental investigation on physical properties of black cotton. Black cotton soil bcs is a type of highly expansive soils that are widely discovered in tropical areas, e.
Black cotton soils are tropical expansive clay deposits which are particularly troublesome due to their high swelling and shrinkage potentials. These soils expand and become sticky during rainy season and contract during the dry season causing deep cracks into the soil. Though black cotton soil plays a vital role in agriculture but it is posing many difficulties in civil engineering aspect. Stabilisation of black cotton soil using admixtures pankaj r. Mar 14, 2018 building on black cotton soil is a tricky affair, admits mr daniel mburu, the ceo of fingerprint capital, a building and construction firm that specialises in putting up budget homes for. Building on black cotton soil is a tricky affair, admits mr daniel mburu, the ceo of fingerprint capital, a building and construction firm that specialises in putting up budget homes for. Black cotton definition of black cotton by merriamwebster. The object of the work is to study the performance of crumb rubber powder and cement with the black cotton soil. When these type of soil come in contact with water, they swell and when becomes dry, it shrinks. In order to achieve the above objective, the black cotton soil has been arbitrarily mixed with. Study notes on black cotton soil building engineering. The results show that there was a increase in maximum dry density of black cotton soil from 1.
Foundations in black cotton soil, civil engineering. Pdf stabilization of black cotton soil by admixtures. Search for solutions to problems in black cotton soils. Besides advantages of black soil, there are some disadvantages or problems of black soil. In india, about 20% of the soil cover is comprises of expansive soils also commonly known as black cotton soil. The property of volumetric changes with the change of atmospheric conditions makes black cotton soil. These black cotton soils in india are a boon to farmers but problematic to civil engineers. Soil bearing capacity and case study of black cotton soil. Foundations in black cotton soils the construction civil. As such black cotton soil bc soil has very low bearing capacity and high swelling and shrinkage characteristics.
Black cotton soil bears undesirable engineering properties like variation in volume with change in water content. Study of geotechnical properties of black cotton soil contaminated. Full text of a study on stabilization of black cotton soil. Apart from this black cotton soil should be removed from the sides of the foundation and filled with sand and gravel. If unavoidable the building shall rest either on a rigid raft foundation. Please note all black cotton soil is not expansive and all expansive soil is not black.
Cracking when dry and swelling when wet makes them difficult to manage, unless they are cultivated at appropriate soil moisture levels. Handbook on preparation of black cotton soil subgrade using steel slag. This alternate process of swelling and shrinking results in the differential settlement of foundation which in turn causes cracks in building. The soils are fine grained contain high proportion of calcium and magnesium carbonates. So in this present work, the black soil collected from chintakommadinne mandal has been stabilized by using sand and cement. Comparison of brick made from black cotton soil with. Mr mburus colleague at fingerprint capital, quantity surveyor bede mwangi, says when building on land with black cotton soil, the soil is usually excavated, and this means additional costs to the home builder. The soils are with more cation exchange capacity 4060 m. The basic objectives of study of black cotton soil are as following. Foundations in black cotton soil civil engineering. Stabilisation of black cotton soils using fly ash, hubballi. The depth at which the black cotton soil is existing and its thickness can be ascertained by observation of cracks in the soil. Removal of black cotton soil and filling with granular material.
Therefore foundation in black cotton soil needs special care. Stabilization of maiduguri black cotton soils of nigeria. Black cotton soils and other expansive soils are dangerous due to their shrinkage and swelling characteristics. Improvement of bearing capacity of black cotton soil using. Quality assessment for stabilization of black cotton soil. This is an expansive soil with a liquid limit of 80.
Loadpenetration curve of black cotton soil treated with 50gm of ccs f. This work involves stabilization of black cotton soils from northeastern nigeria with sodium silicate. Plastic limit of black cotton soil was increased by 9. Chanuhan rajiv and et al 2009 has studies the strength improvement of soil treated with lime and flyash mix for durability criteria. One dimensional consolidation studies on compacted black cotton soil treated with up to 16% rice husk ash. Materials and methods black cotton soil was collected from gulbarga, in karnataka state. At the liquid limit, the volume change is of the order of 200 to 300% and results in swelling pressure as high as 8 kgcm 2 to 10 kgcm 2. Black cotton soil from indore madhya pradesh which is predominantly composed of montmorillonite contained 045% organic matter. The collection of the sample was done through disturbed sampling. The black colour in black cotton soil bc soil is due to the presence of titanium oxide in small concentration. Chavhan india the biggest handicap is to provide a complete abstractstabilization of black cotton soil bc soil is studied by using lime and fly ash. The black cotton soils pose many problems in construction. Simonson 1954 mentioned black soil is called regur soil due to its enrichment in soil nutrients.
Effect of lime and fly ash on engineering properties of black cotton. It has characteristics of swelling during rains and shrinking during summer. Nov 25, 2014 this presentation contains information about soil bearing capacity sbc and case on black cotton soil of hublidharwad region study performed by me slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Quality assessment for stabilization of black cotton soil by using. Black soil holds more moisture and available for a long time. Expansive soils are the soils which expand when the moisture content of the soils is increased. Cracks can happen due to foundation movements and settlements of building, thermal movements, chemical reactions, elastic. Black cotton soil was collected from gulbarga, in karnataka state.
The quality of black cotton soil can be improved by stabilizing it with lime. The area is essentially covered by lateritic, red sandy and black cotton soils, of which black cotton soil is more predominant and is of insitu type. Alternative soils or aggregates suitable for base construction are very difficult to obtain in these. Black cotton soil is not suitable for foundation because. Basically the black cotton soil has finegrained clay particles which cause a massive change in volume with change in moisture conditions, i. The soil from the area is collected after removing the hard topsoil of depth about 70 to 100 mm. The following methods are generally adopted to meet the characteristics of foundations in black cotton soils, 1 foundation loads are limited to 5 tonnessq. The locally available black cotton soil due to its high shrinkage and swelling characteristics is selected in the present study.
Baseline is marked on the ground either from centre line of the road or. Black cotton soil treated with 75gm of ccs the loadpenetration curve for black cotton soil treated fig 5. Pdf design of pile foundation in black cotton soil. The soil sample was collected by open excavation, from a depth of one meter below natural ground level leaving the surface soil. In civil engineering aspects black cotton soil is giving hazardous problems to engineers. In addition to this, these soils have very poor bearing capacity, ranging from 5 tm2 to 10 tm2. Quality assessment for stabilization of black cotton soil by. The black cotton soil is found in major portion of maharashtra, west m. Stabilization of black cotton soil using salts and their. These are alluvial soils, desert sands, red earth and black cotton bc soils. Soil physical studies were carried out in the black cotton soil areas of the betwa basin, central india, to assess their role in partitioning monsoon rainfall into. Expansive soil under study was collected dried and pulverized into the required sizes and tested for properties like gradation,compaction, strength as per is2720 and the results are shown in table1 and fig1 table. Problems of black soil disadvantages of black soil. It is important to contact a quantity surveyor before building on black cotton soil.
It is classified as blackish gray inorganic clayey soil of. Pdf geotechnical investigation of black cotton soils. Black cotton soils always pose challenge to geotechnical engineers. Jul 17, 2017 for the best cottonseed germination, the soil should have an average soil temperature of 86 degrees fahrenheit at a depth of 8 inches.
Chemical compositions of black cotton soil are listed in table2 below table 2. Though black cotton soil plays a vital role in agriculture but it is posing many difficulties in. Study of black cotton soil characteristics with cement waste dust and lime article pdf available in procedia engineering 51. The failures of structure are mostly due to the failure of foundations.
The soil from the area is collected after removing the hard top soil of depth about 70 to 100 mm. Mr mburu notes that while you can easily build on red soil which requires minimum excavation while setting up the foundation, black cotton soil. Jul 01, 2018 the following precautions are generally adopted while building structures on black cotton soil 1. Agriculture remains the most important economic activity of the district. Building on black cotton soil is a tricky affair, admits mr daniel mburu, the ceo of fingerprint capital, a building and construction firm that specialises in putting up budget homes for kenyans. Laboratory investigations show that this soil consists of abundant proportions of montmorillonite and generally poses a major problem for civil engineering construction due to high volume changes. Oct 30, 2017 black cotton soils and other expansive soils are dangerous due to their shrinkage and swelling characteristics. Unconfined compressive strength california bearing ratio test cbr test is carried out on black cotton soil sample with different percentages of lime. The black cotton soil is not appropriate for foundation jobs because,due to the black cotton soils physical characteristics it expands and compresses a lot according to the moisture contents in the soil itself and thats why this soil has no permanent physical stability. The present work aims at determines the optimum percentage of sand and cement addition to the black cotton soil in improving the strength.
The lake chad basin is an extensive quaternary lacustrine deposit of black clay soils. The effect of lime stabilization on properties of black cotton soil nadgouda, k. Stabilization occurs when lime is added to black cotton soil and a pozzolanic reaction takes place. Effects of acids on geotechnical properties of black. Jan 09, 2016 black cotton soil, a cohesive soil, is considered a problematic soil for civil engineers. Black cotton soil treated with 50gm of ccs the loadpenetration curve for black cotton soil treated with 25gm ccs is given in fig 4. Effects of acids on geotechnical properties of black cotton soil. Apart from this black cotton soil should be removed from the sides of the foundation and filled with gravel and sand. Engineering properties of black cotton soil modified with fly. This presentation contains information about soil bearing capacity sbc and case on black cotton soil of hublidharwad region study performed by me slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with. Hence foundation in black cotton soil need special care.
Geoelectrical surveys for groundwater in kagna river subbasin, pargi mandal, ranga reddy district, a. The black cotton soil is collected from the new railway station site of bypass road, near hiremangalure village, chikmaglore. The hydrated lime reacts with the clay particles and permanently. Property value 1 ph value 7alkaline 2 organic content 0. Engineering properties of black cotton soil modified with. Cotton gossypium barbadense grows especially well and matures early in sandy loam soils or loamy sand soils.
Black cotton soil article about black cotton soil by the. Take a look at black bedroom ideas offer by gharexpert for more inspiring and bedroom ideas. Analysis of engineering properties of black cotton soil. Chavhan india the biggest handicap is to provide a complete abstractstabilization of black cotton soil bc soil is studied. Oct 02, 2015 ucs value with ch type of soil earlier is 1. The effect of lime stabilization on properties of black. Abstract black cotton soils are predominantly available in india. Black cotton soil deposits in india are a boon to farmers but are problematic to civil engineers. Table 1 shows the geotechnical properties of this soil. It is not necessary to paint the whole room in black color. Black cotton soils also called regur soils are generally clayey, deep and impermeable. Swelling suppression of black cotton soil by means of liquid.
Black cotton soils are a worldwide problem that poses several challenges for civil engineers. The possibility of good construction sites to build structures on black cotton soils is difficult due to their poor strength and deformation characteristics. In the present scenario soil stabilization has become a vital term in the field of geotechnical engineering due to the construction of heavy structures such as high rise buildings, large dams, underground structures etc. Comparison of brick made from black cotton soil with various. It is classified as blackish gray inorganic clayey soil of medium plasticity. Study of geotechnical properties of black cotton soil. Stabilisation of black cotton soils, fly ash, hubballidharwad municipal corporation, karnataka, india. Foundations on black cotton soil civil engineering community.
Although its typically thought of as a crop thats grown commercially, home gardeners can cultivate cotton too. Engineering properties of black cotton soil biology essay. Very few researches are on brick made up from black cotton soil among the world, though black cotton soil is easily available in indian context. Practical problems of highway construction in black cotton.